Answers to Exercises

Exercises (1)

1. Translations into NE
  1. This man rides / this man is riding
  2. the sun shines / the sun is shining
  3. this horse bites this horse is biting
  4. the night darkens / the night is growing dark
  5. these men come / these men are coming
  6. the ship awaits / the ship is awaiting
2. Translations into OE
  1. ðá menn rídað
  2. se cyning wadeð
  3. se móna scínð
  4. hors bítað
  5. ðéos brýd wadeð
  6. tunglu scínað

Exercises (2)

1. Translations into NE
  1. this man is riding the horse
  2. this man rides those horses
  3. this horse bites men
  4. the king hears a tale but the king does not love tales
  5. either the nobleman or the king lives in this house
  6. the bishop awaits the king
  7. the thanes are giving oaths
  8. the king is awaiting these boats
  9. this bride loves gifts
  10. grief and strife afflict that people
2. Translations into OE
  1. se cyning lufað láre
  2. se ðegn lufað ðis hors
  3. ðá líðmenn ábídað ðæt scip
  4. séo brýd lufað ðis hús
  5. menn oneardiað ðis land
  6. se biscop oneardað ðæt ríce
  7. séo brýd lufað giefa
  8. se æðeling sécð glófe
  9. biscopas ne lufiað ne ceare ne sace
  10. líðmann ne wadeð ne rídeð hors

Exercises (16)

1. Translations into NE

   Torhta ate gladly - he had gone hungry for three days after the vikings had come and agreed that he would lead Trumhere up to the harbour which they had previously been seeking in the western part of England. Then they travelled for two days in rainy weather westwards, until they came into a large estuary and saw the market town in it. There in the river two Danish ships floated - one with a torn sail, the other with a mast and somewhat burnt - and no-one on board. Trumhere's ship soon came into the market town, and he looked for the town reeve to sell his goods which had been loaded in a foreign land. The town reeve, named Cuthred, took the king's portion of the cargo and himself bought a cloak, a golden container, a decorated sword and two vessels of wine. Then Trumhere asked what the ships were which had been seen in the river, and Cuthred answered him: "These are Danes' ships which were seized on the shore; the vikings fought against the king's force but we overcame them, killed some and brought the others here in fetters. They had English captives on their ships, who are now free. The king intends to send them back home, each with a part of the property which they took from us."

2. Translations into OE

   Þá clipode Torhta ond blissode, séah his wíf on geþrange, fundode tó hire, cysste ond ymbclypte, ond þá cildriu éac. Ðás féower blissodon swíðe ond ongunnon maþelian samod. On his pusan hæfde Torhta sume sylfrene sceattas, mid ðæm wolde hé ágieldan Trumhere his fóre ond nergunge. And éac for winescipe wolde hé edléan sellan þóm céapmenn. Trumhere geþafode þá giefe tó ðicgenne, and sóna grétte Torhtan cynren. Húrú Torhta hréaw þæt hé ne mihte þone wícing ácwellan, se þe his wíf ond cildriu nóm, ac héo cwæð þæt se réafere self wearþ ofslægen on þæm gefeohte. Nóþýlæs sægde Cúþred þæt Torhtan wracu wæs cyninges þing, ond se cyning wæs bana þæs wícinges, forþý scolde Torhta wesan glæd. Mid þissum wordum wearþ Torhta gefréfred, ond se earma smiþ þancode him. Hé ongann sécan strang hors mid þæm háme tó farenne.